For international students studying in the United States on an F1 visa, Optional Practical Training (OPT) is an invaluable opportunity that bridges the gap between academic learning and professional experience. Understanding OPT is essential for leveraging this period effectively.

What is OPT?

OPT is a temporary employment authorization allowing eligible F1 students to gain practical experience in their field of study. It offers an opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge gained in classrooms to real-world scenarios through internships or employment.

Types of OPT

Pre-Completion OPT:

Available before completing the academic program, pre-completion OPT enables students to work part-time (up to 20 hours per week) while school is in session and full-time during breaks or vacations.

Post-Completion OPT:

Post-completion OPT occurs after program completion. Students can work full-time in their field of study, aiding in gaining significant work experience directly related to their academic majors.

STEM OPT Extension:

Students in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields might be eligible for an additional 24 months of OPT beyond the standard post-completion period.

Eligibility and Application Process

Eligibility:

  • Must be in valid F1 status for at least one academic year.
  • Planning to work in a position directly related to the field of study.

Application Process:

  • Apply through the designated school official (DSO) at your institution.
  • Receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) from USCIS before beginning employment.

Responsibilities and Considerations

Reporting Requirements:

Maintain accurate records and report any changes in employment status or address to your DSO within specified timelines.

Unemployment Period:

Students on post-completion OPT have a 90-day unemployment limit. Exceeding this limit could result in status violation.

Travel and Re-entry:

International travel during OPT requires careful planning. Ensure you have a valid visa, an updated I-20 with a travel signature, and an EAD card when re-entering the US.

Conclusion

OPT is a valuable opportunity for international students to gain practical experience in the United States. Leveraging OPT effectively can significantly enhance career prospects post-graduation. However, understanding the rules, responsibilities, and limitations is crucial to make the most of this invaluable experience. Always consult your DSO for guidance and adhere to the regulations for a successful OPT experience.